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A ‘Game Changer’ For Organ Transplants: Blood Type of Donor Kidneys Altered in Breakthrough Research_我的网站

A |     Breakthrough new research could significantly increase supply of organs for people with rarer blood types waiting for a transplant, reported The Guardian.,A team of scientists from the University of Cambridge have successfully altered the blood type of three donor kidneys. By flushing blood infused with a special enzyme through a human kidney the scientists removed the blood type markers lining the blood vessels of the organ.,The procedure required using a device that is connected with a donor’s kidney to pass oxygenated blood through it - a normothermic perfusion machine. As a result, the organ was converted to type O, considered the universal donor.,Blood Group Compatible,As the blood type of a donor must be compatible with the recipient’s, the new development could increase the supply of kidneys available for transplant.,A kidney from someone with blood type A cannot be transplanted to someone with blood type B, or visa versa. In such a case, the receiving body’s immune system would reject the new organ, interpreting the different blood type as foreign.,So changing the blood type to the universal O would mean the donor organ could be used for people with any blood type.,“Our confidence was really boosted after we applied the enzyme to a piece of human kidney tissue and saw very quickly that the antigens were removed. After this, we knew that the process is feasible, and we just had to scale up the project to apply the enzyme to full-size human kidneys,” Serena MacMillan, a PhD student at the University of Cambridge, said.,Scientists involved in the research, funded by charity Kidney Research UK and due to be published in the British Journal of Surgery, clarified that the outcome might have particular implications for minority ethnic groups.,Science & TechGood News for ABs: Scientists Can Now Change People's Blood Type21 February, 16:34 GMT,Some blood groups such as O Rh positive and B Rh positive are more prevalent among black, Asian and minority ethnic communities. To complicate matters further, some rare blood types are only found within the black, Asian and minority ethnic communities,This typically places them at a disadvantage, as they struggle to find a match. With low donation rates from these populations, stressed the researchers, sometimes such patients wait for as long as over a year for a compatible donor. They cited figures from 2020-21 showing that just over 9% of total organ donations in the UK came from black and minority ethnic donors. On the other hand, black and minority ethnic patients make up 33% of the kidney transplant waiting list.,“It’s very exciting to think about how this could potentially impact so many lives,” added Serena MacMillan.,The “potentially gamechanging” research was applauded by Dr Aisling McMahon, the executive director of research at Kidney Research UK.,The scientists will now test the reintroduction of other blood types and observe how the novel approach in clinical settings.。    2019年7月25日，星际荣耀公司的双曲线一号遥一火箭发射成功，也是我国民营航天首次成功入轨，但没想到，接下来的三发均未能取得成功。

B | 2022年5月13日，双曲线一号遥四火箭在我国酒泉卫星发射中心点火升空，火箭飞行异常，发射任务失利。据官方消息，2022年10月18日，星际荣耀公司组织召开了双曲线一号遥四运载火箭飞行故障归零评审会，与会专家一致认可飞行故障原因和归零措施的有效性，完成归零工作闭环。经查，双曲线一号遥四运载火箭飞行故障定位于多余物导致箭上2000N姿控发动机燃料路主阀关闭不严，出现燃料泄漏，提前耗尽，姿轨控动力系统失去控制能力，三级飞行段姿态超差，触发箭上主动安控条件，火箭执行自毁指令，飞行失利。星际荣耀表示，多余物问题导致火箭飞行试验失利，付出了惨痛的代价。目前，星际荣耀在全面落实故障改进措施的基础上，正在开展后续火箭研制生产，将认真整改，全力保障后续任务成功。另外，星际荣耀的双曲线二号验证火箭，已于今年6月22日在酒泉卫星发射中心圆满完成液氧液氮全流程合练工作，向可重复使用运载火箭研制成功迈出关键的一步。此次合练，双曲线二号验证火箭试验队按照首飞试验要求，开展了加注准备、加电测试、液氧液氮加注、预冷演练、紧急泄出演练、模拟发射和回收处理等工作，完成了双曲线二号验证火箭加注、发射、着陆回收全流程操作演练，验证了加注、发射、着陆回收处理流程的正确性和系统间工作的协调性，箭上和地面相关产品在低温环境下的工作适应性，加注供气系统功能与火箭的匹配性，试验使用的技术文件和操作规程的正确性和完整性，完成了对加注、发射、着陆回收处理流程中各项工作时间的评估，为双低温可重复使用火箭垂直起降（VTVL）飞行试验打下了坚实基础。

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