少年派的奇幻漂流

TikTok Shouldn’t Be TikDoc_我的网站

家政妇三田

A |

As government scrutiny and even some statewide TikTok bans trickle in, concerns about the app’s impact on youth mental health are often repeated. Among the concerned are the bereft parents of a teen who killed himself last year, reportedly after seeing self-harm content on TikTok.

While states and some organizations decide whether TikTok poses enough danger to warrant a ban, I want to sound the alarm about an online mental health risk that’s even more chronic and not limited to TikTok: an epidemic of self-diagnosis, fueled by social media, that’s leading to improper treatment, missed treatment and the trivialization of serious mental health conditions.

If there’s a silver lining to the COVID-era mental health crisis, it’s that people seem more willing than ever to talk about mental health struggles with friends, with colleagues and sometimes to the whole world online. Even better, they’re willing to get help. The percentage of adults aged 18 to 44 seeking mental health treatment rose significantly during the first years of the pandemic, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

If you spend any time online, you can’t miss the new candor about mental health conditions. TikTok and Instagram influencers share their struggles and diagnoses on camera. In recent years, executives on LinkedIn have shared photos of antidepressant medication with the hashtag #PostYourPill. Actor-singer-beauty mogul Selena Gomez launched an entire content platform focused on “mental fitness.” Conditions such as anxiety disorder, ADHD and OCD are not only being de-stigmatized, in some contexts, they’re trending.

Open discussion of mental health is undoubtedly a good thing when it eradicates shame, results in people feeling less alone or motivates somebody to seek needed professional care. But in this new era of openness, we risk oversimplification and even trivialization of complex medical conditions, increasing the risk of overtreatment for some, undertreatment for others and overall mistreatment of people exposed to a cacophony of mental health conversations online but lacking access to balanced, authoritative information and quality clinical care.

Let’s say a young woman perusing TikTok sees an influencer sharing that he has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, then – thanks to social media algorithms – over the next week, more ADHD-related content appears in the young woman’s feed. Some of the symptoms feel relatable, so she does a YouTube search on ADHD. After watching a few of the thousands of videos on the topic, she decides that she herself has ADHD.

This is not unusual. Some therapists at Talkspace, where I serve as the chief medical officer, report they have clients coming to sessions with more complex or specific self-diagnoses. Whereas a client might have said, “I think I’m depressed,” a few years ago, now more are saying, “I think I have borderline personality disorder” or “I think I’m on the autism spectrum.”

Such self-diagnosis can be dangerous. When a social media user becomes convinced that they have a mental health disorder, it can lead them to seek inappropriate treatments. They may announce their self-diagnosis to a primary care provider who doesn’t have sufficient mental health expertise to appropriately evaluate the presenting symptoms. Or the patient may wind up using a telehealth provider to get a prescription medication that’s not helpful or is dangerous. In the case of the hypothetical young woman above, she’d likely be seeing ads for ADHD-focused telehealth prescribers within days, if not minutes, of initially engaging with ADHD influencers.

Diagnosing a mental health disorder isn’t as simple as checking off a list of symptoms. Many healthy people experience symptoms of a mental health condition, but the true measure of whether those symptoms merit a diagnosis and treatment is whether they impair the individual’s ability to function. That determination requires working with a licensed mental health professional to evaluate the frequency, intensity, severity and specificity of those symptoms, and understand them within the broader context of life events, stressors and family history.

A “reel” diagnosis needs a real-life one

To address the “TikTok effect” and stop the dangers of self-diagnosis, mental health professionals must meet people where they are: online and actively searching for answers, inadvertently creating a curated feed.

Social media companies and other platforms with user-generated content have a responsibility to create guardrails that ensure clinically-vetted and accurate information is within reach of anybody seeking content about mental health conditions.

For example, if you enter the search terms “depression” or “suicide” into Instagram, you’re offered a list of mental health resources. However, searches related to specific conditions like OCD, ADHD and Tourette’s link directly to memes and user-generated videos of (to put it generously) mixed quality. Since the start of the pandemic, we’ve seen how quickly social platforms could flag content related to COVID or vaccines and direct people to CDC information on those topics. Therefore, it does not seem unreasonable to expect the same for content around sensitive mental health topics.

When somebody hears about a condition online and believes, correctly or not, that it affects them, they are more likely to feel worried, triggered or even distraught. Thankfully, that same technology can quickly link them with mental health care without stigma or stress and allow them to find real answers under a professional’s guidance – if they land at a responsible, high-quality source of tele-mental health. We recently revamped our own site to provide clinical insights from a dedicated team of licensed, practicing clinicians to add dimension to the spectrum between experiencing symptoms and having a condition.

Unfortunately, some telehealth services are all too quick to prescribe medications, including controlled substances, based solely on answers to online questions. At Talkspace, I am personally committed to our policy of not prescribing controlled substances online. When our board-certified psychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners do prescribe medication, it is only after live video consultations and a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation.

Because mental health conditions are so much more complex than what can be captured by a checklist of symptoms, I’m wary of any company that prescribes without live consultations. When digital health companies feed into the misconception that everyone with depressive symptoms is clinically depressed or anyone who’s easily distracted has ADHD, they risk hurting more people than they help.

At a time when it’s all too easy for both the worried well and people with serious mental health conditions to self-diagnose online, it’s imperative that both social media and digital health companies do everything possible to direct vulnerable audiences to trustworthy information and comprehensive, ethical care.

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直播吧4月21日讯中超第8轮比赛，浙江队客场0-2不敌津门虎。赛后，《足球报》发文点评了浙江队的现状和此役的表现。

送出一个乌龙、一个点球，自己点球不进，浙江绿城0比2败走天津。尽管接下来需要尽力解脱和继续负担的，比任何对手都更为沉重，但度过了艰辛而又漫长的一周后，这支全力出击的球队正在全力振作。“感谢全体球员在俱乐部困难时刻的付出，感谢每个人的拼搏。”主教练卡内达赛后说，“除了两个失误以外，防守比较稳固，对手没有太多机会。这场比赛攻守平衡，总体来说比较精彩。

B | ”

上一轮比赛赛后，浙江FC俱乐部发布公告，确认了球员不幸去世的消息，并“向其家人致以沉痛的哀悼”；次日，中国足协和中足联发布公告向布彭扎致哀，同时表达了对其家人和亲友的慰问，对逝者竞技水平、专业素养和工作贡献的敬意……与此同时，来自球迷、球员、同行的哀悼怀念，关于逝者死因的传言、推测、不解，至今未曾消散。

生活仍要继续，比赛仍需进行。

18日上午，浙江绿城在训练前进行了哀悼。据俱乐部官方发布的消息，午饭后，部分球员和工作人员接受了“专业机构的心理疏导”，当晚，全队从杭州飞往天津客场。

C | 这一次，除了队长弗兰克继续养伤，余下外援卢卡斯、奥乌苏、埃弗拉全部随队赴津——9号布彭扎留下的空白如何填补？至少目前还没有答案。

D |

4月20日晚，客队浙江队球员臂缠黑纱出场。面对以逸待劳、主力复出的津门虎，卡内达确实在攻防两端费了很多心思。

E | 卢卡斯重新披挂上阵，与刘浩帆、梁诺恒重组三中卫；汪士钦的位置前移至左边翼卫，程进、李提香和童磊坚守原先的岗位，孙国文的位置则有所前移；前锋线上，18岁的王钰栋俨然成为不能轻易作出变动的主角，他的搭档又换了人，上次是陶强龙，这一回是外援奥乌苏。

上半场两队0-0互交白卷。下半场开场不久，门柱帮过浙江队一次忙，但场上的均势开始向主队倾斜，而且难以逆转。第81分钟，对手在禁区腹地起脚射门，站位恰当的卢卡斯却打进了一个乌龙球；第89分钟，李提香禁区内争抢落点时造成手球，又给了对手一个点球。虽然在比赛临近终点时两球落后、失利已经不可避免，但客队在伤停补时阶段仍未放弃。第96分钟，埃弗拉在主队禁区争回一个点球，卢卡斯挺身而出，却一脚罚失。

让卢卡斯和李提香造成失分、酿成错误的，归根到底是他们身上的责任感。